在开启微信开发者模式时,我们配置了一个URL地址,当我们提交开启微信开发者模式,腾讯的微信服务器会向该URL地址发送一个get请求,并且携带一些参数,让我们来验证。说到get请求,就必须说到post请求,关注我们公众号的微信粉丝发来的消息,触发的事件,腾讯的微信服务器则会像该URL地址发送一个post请求,请求的内容就是以xml文档形式的字符串。
所以该URL地址的get请求的处理方法,专门用于开启微信开发者模式;而post请求则用于处理微信粉丝发给我们的消息,或者触发的事件,所以我们后面的微信开发工作的起点就是该URL地址的post处理方法。
下面我们处理一个最简单的例子:粉丝发送任意一个文本信息给我们,我们给他回复一个消息:“你好,+ 他微信的openId”
下面直接贴代码:
URL对应的处理servlet:
public class CoreServlet extends HttpServlet { private static final long serialVersionUID = 4440739483644821986L; /** * 请求校验(确认请求来自微信服务器) */ public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { // 微信服务端发来的加密签名 String signature = request.getParameter("signature"); // 时间戳 String timestamp = request.getParameter("timestamp"); // 随机数 String nonce = request.getParameter("nonce"); // 随机字符串 String echostr = request.getParameter("echostr"); PrintWriter out = response.getWriter(); // 请求校验,若校验成功则原样返回echostr,表示接入成功,否则接入失败 if (SignUtil.checkSignature(signature, timestamp, nonce)) { out.print(echostr); } out.close(); out = null; } /** * 请求校验与处理 */ public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { // 将请求、响应的编码均设置为UTF-8(防止中文乱码) request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8"); response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8"); // 接收参数微信加密签名、 时间戳、随机数 String signature = request.getParameter("signature"); String timestamp = request.getParameter("timestamp"); String nonce = request.getParameter("nonce"); PrintWriter out = response.getWriter(); // 请求校验 if (SignUtil.checkSignature(signature, timestamp, nonce)) { Message msgObj = XMLUtil.getMessageObject(request); // 读取微信客户端发来的消息(xml字符串),并将其转换为消息对象 if(msgObj != null){ String xml = "" + " "; out.write(xml); // 回复微信客户端的消息(xml字符串) out.close(); return; } } out.write(""); out.close(); }}" + // 接收方帐号(收到的OpenID) " " + // 开发者微信号 " 12345678 " + "" + " " + "
xml字符串的处理工具类,实现xml消息到消息对象的转换:
public class XMLUtil { /** * 从request中读取用户发给公众号的消息内容 * @param request * @return 用户发给公众号的消息内容 * @throws IOException */ public static String readRequestContent(HttpServletRequest request) throws IOException { // 从输入流读取返回内容 InputStream inputStream = request.getInputStream(); InputStreamReader inputStreamReader = new InputStreamReader(inputStream, "utf-8"); BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(inputStreamReader); String str = null; StringBuilder buffer = new StringBuilder(); while ((str = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) { buffer.append(str); } // 释放资源 bufferedReader.close(); inputStreamReader.close(); inputStream.close(); return buffer.toString(); } /** * 将xml文档的内容转换成map * @param xmlDoc * @return map */ public static MapxmlToMap(String xmlDoc) { //创建一个新的字符串 StringReader read = new StringReader(xmlDoc); //创建新的输入源SAX 解析器将使用 InputSource 对象来确定如何读取 XML 输入 InputSource source = new InputSource(read); //创建一个新的SAXBuilder SAXBuilder sb = new SAXBuilder(); Map xmlMap = new HashMap (); try { Document doc = sb.build(source); //通过输入源构造一个Document Element root = doc.getRootElement(); //取的根元素 List cNodes = root.getChildren(); //得到根元素所有子元素的集合(根元素的子节点,不包括孙子节点) Element et = null; for(int i=0;i map) { if(map != null){ String MsgType = map.get("MsgType"); // 消息类型(文本消息:text, 图片消息:image, 语音消息:voice, 视频消息:video, // 地理位置消息:location, 链接消息:link) if("text".equals(MsgType)){ TextMessage msg = new TextMessage(); XMLUtil.initCommonMsg(msg, map); msg.setContent(map.get("Content")); return msg; } if("ImageMessage".equals(MsgType)){ ImageMessage msg = new ImageMessage(); XMLUtil.initCommonMsg(msg, map); msg.setPicUrl(map.get("PicUrl")); msg.setMediaId(map.get("MediaId")); return msg; } if("video".equals(MsgType)){ VideoMessage msg = new VideoMessage(); XMLUtil.initCommonMsg(msg, map); msg.setMediaId(map.get("MediaId")); msg.setThumbMediaId(map.get("ThumbMediaId")); return msg; } if("voice".equals(MsgType)){ VoiceMessage msg = new VoiceMessage(); XMLUtil.initCommonMsg(msg, map); msg.setMediaId(map.get("MediaId")); msg.setFormat(map.get("Format")); return msg; } if("location".equals(MsgType)){ LocationMessage msg = new LocationMessage(); msg.setLocation_X(map.get("Location_X")); msg.setLocation_Y(map.get("Location_Y")); msg.setScale(map.get("Scale")); msg.setLabel(map.get("Label")); return msg; } if("link".equals(MsgType)){ LinkMessage msg = new LinkMessage(); XMLUtil.initCommonMsg(msg, map); msg.setTitle(map.get("Title")); msg.setDescription(map.get("Description")); msg.setUrl(map.get("Url")); return msg; } } return null; } /** * 将保存xml内容的map转换成对象 * @param map * @return * @throws IOException */ public static Message getMessageObject(HttpServletRequest request) throws IOException { String xmlDoc = XMLUtil.readRequestContent(request); // 读取微信客户端发了的消息(xml) Map map = XMLUtil.xmlToMap(xmlDoc); // 将客户端发来的xml转换成Map if(map != null){ String MsgType = map.get("MsgType"); // 消息类型(文本消息:text, 图片消息:image, 语音消息:voice, 视频消息:video, // 地理位置消息:location, 链接消息:link) if("text".equals(MsgType)){ TextMessage msg = new TextMessage(); XMLUtil.initCommonMsg(msg, map); msg.setContent(map.get("Content")); return msg; } /*if("ImageMessage".equals(MsgType)){ ImageMessage msg = new ImageMessage(); XMLUtil.initCommonMsg(msg, map); msg.setPicUrl(map.get("PicUrl")); msg.setMediaId(map.get("MediaId")); return msg; } if("video".equals(MsgType)){ VideoMessage msg = new VideoMessage(); XMLUtil.initCommonMsg(msg, map); msg.setMediaId(map.get("MediaId")); msg.setThumbMediaId(map.get("ThumbMediaId")); return msg; } if("voice".equals(MsgType)){ VoiceMessage msg = new VoiceMessage(); XMLUtil.initCommonMsg(msg, map); msg.setMediaId(map.get("MediaId")); msg.setFormat(map.get("Format")); return msg; } if("location".equals(MsgType)){ LocationMessage msg = new LocationMessage(); msg.setLocation_X(map.get("Location_X")); msg.setLocation_Y(map.get("Location_Y")); msg.setScale(map.get("Scale")); msg.setLabel(map.get("Label")); return msg; } if("link".equals(MsgType)){ LinkMessage msg = new LinkMessage(); XMLUtil.initCommonMsg(msg, map); msg.setTitle(map.get("Title")); msg.setDescription(map.get("Description")); msg.setUrl(map.get("Url")); return msg; }*/ } return null; } public static void initCommonMsg(Message msg, Map map) { msg.setMsgId(map.get("MsgId")); msg.setMsgType(map.get("MsgType")); msg.setToUserName(map.get("ToUserName")); msg.setFromUserName(map.get("FromUserName")); msg.setCreateTime(map.get("CreateTime")); }}
粉丝发来的消息分为了6中类型(文本消息, 图片消息, 语音消息, 视频消息, 地理位置消息, 链接消息):
/** * 微信消息基类 * @author yuanfang * @date 2015-03-23 */public class Message { private String MsgId; // 消息id,64位整型 private String MsgType; // 消息类型(文本消息:text, 图片消息:image, 语音消息:voice, 视频消息:video, 地理位置消息:location, 链接消息:link) private String ToUserName; //开发者微信号 private String FromUserName; // 发送方帐号(一个OpenID) private String CreateTime; // 消息创建时间 (整型) public String getToUserName() { return ToUserName; } public void setToUserName(String toUserName) { ToUserName = toUserName; } public String getFromUserName() { return FromUserName; } public void setFromUserName(String fromUserName) { FromUserName = fromUserName; } public String getCreateTime() { return CreateTime; } public void setCreateTime(String createTime) { CreateTime = createTime; } public String getMsgType() { return MsgType; } public void setMsgType(String msgType) { MsgType = msgType; } public String getMsgId() { return MsgId; } public void setMsgId(String msgId) { MsgId = msgId; } }
文本消息类:
package com.sinaapp.wx.msg;public class TextMessage extends Message { private String Content; // 文本消息内容 public String getContent() { return Content; } public void setContent(String content) { Content = content; } }
OK,对粉丝发送给我们公众号的任意的文本消息的最简单处理就完成,我们简单的回复他:你好,然后加上他微信的openId,类似于:你好,orJydljfkg3-r0_dj3rkdfvjl
更多微信开发之处理微信客户端发来的消息相关文章请关注PHP中文网!